The input tsunami hazard data are based on the global hazard analysis of Davies et al. (2017), developed jointly by Geoscience Australia and NGI, formatted for use in ThinkHazard!. The data serves as data for Global Tsunami Model (GTM, http://globaltsunamimodel.org/). The global tsunami dataset contains maximum inundation heights, calculated at offshore hazard points and projected to shoreline by simple interpolation. Tsunami Maximum Inundation Height (MIH) is defined as the largest elevation the tsunami reaches above still water level, consistent with IOC-UNESCO terminology. The MIH hazard data are at global level for return periods: 10, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, and 2500 year. Values above and below extreme values, are referred to as >=20 m and <=0.1 m, respectively.
See supplemental information for limitations.
Davies, G., Griffin, J., Løvholt, F., Glimsdal, S., Harbitz C., Thio, H.K., Lorito, S.,
Basili, R., Selva, J., Geist, E., and Baptista, M.A. (2017), A global probabilistic
tsunami hazard assessment from earthquake sources, Geological Society, London,
Special Publications, 456, doi:10.1144/SP456.5
Løvholt, F., Griffin, J. & Salgado-Gàlvez, M. (2016). Tsunami hazard and risk
assessment at a global scale. In: Meyers, R. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Complexity and
Systems Science. Springer Science Business Media, New York,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27737-5_642-1
NGI and Geoscience Australia (2015) UNISDR Global Assessment Report 2015 -
GAR15, Tsunami methodology and result overview. NGI report 20120052-03-R
information pertaining to earth sciences. Examples: geophysical features and processes, geology, minerals, sciences dealing with the composition, structure and origin of the earth s rocks, risks of earthquakes, volcanic activity, landslides, gravity information, soils, permafrost, hydrogeology, erosion
Data owned by the Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia) and NGI 2017.
This work may be used and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons CCBY
licence: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/
Language
English
Supplemental Information
Limitations (See Davies et al. (2017), Loevholt et al. (2015), NGI and Geoscience Australia (2015) for more information):
-The data use global input data for global use, i.e. to determine hazard variation over wide regions. They are not appropriate for determining local hazard characteristics
-The dataset is for tsunami due to earthquakes on major tectonic plate boundaries or faults (not tsunami earthquakes or sources away from major boundaries). Fault geometry is often uncertain, these uncertainties are not directly treated in the analysis
- MIH is quantified using a method omitting local phenomena that influence inundation, e.g. the effect of nearshore bathymetry or topography. Inaccuracies are prominent along rugged coastlines or small islands
- Islands smaller than 3.5x3.5 km2 are excluded, as are high and low latitude areas. Islands smaller than 100 km2 are only included for some cases
Incomplete/inaccurate data coverage is identified for certain geographical regions:
- Small islands are prone to inaccurate results because of limited geographical extent (local variations are not averaged over larger regions)
- Hazard in the Japan Sea is too low in this data. No tsunami sources included in the analysis here, despite many historical events
- Analysis is not included for Black Sea and Caspian Sea due to lack of local sources. Some historical tsunamis occurred here
- Non-subduction faults may contribute to tsunami hazard. These faults are omitted in the dataset, so hazard may be underestimated (parts of Philippines, eastern Indonesia, Caribbean, Mediterranean Sea, and North East Atlantic close to potential sources in the Gulf of Cadiz)
- Regions with steep coastal reliefs with fjords, but with low seismic activity (e.g. Norway) have significant tsunami hazard due to landslide, omitted from this dataset
Comments (0 total)
Log in to add a comment